#04b Crime Trends Staffing.docxJANESVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT
October 6, 2011
TO: Eric Levitt, City Manager
FROM: David Moore, Chief of Police
SUBJECT: Crime Trends – Police Staffing
This memorandum identifies Janesville’s crime index (Part I Crimes) and a comparison
with its peer cities for the past ten years, 2001 through 2010. Staffing information is for
the years 2002 to 2011.
SUMMARY OF INFORMATION
Janesville has been above the peer cities’ average in Part I crimes per
1,000 Population for the past ten (10) years.
Total Part I crime index in Janesville increased from 2,407 in 2009 to 2,593
index crimes in 2010 representing a 7.73% increase.
Arrests for Part I crimes decreased 11.3% from last year.
Police officer activity increased 6.3% from last year.
In 2011, the Janesville Police Department was authorized 104 sworn
officer positions, which provides a ratio of 1.63 officers per 1,000
population. The peer city ratio average is 1.79 police officers per 1,000
population.
Police sworn staffing has fluctuated between 106 and 104 positions from
2002 through 2011, with a further proposed reduction of 103 positions in
2012.
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 2
INDEX CRIME
The crime index is the total of all Part I crimes which are known or reported to the police
and is commonly referred to as the “crime rate”. The eight (8) Part I crimes are; murder,
forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, theft, motor vehicle theft, and
arson. Attempts to commit these crimes are also counted.
NON-INDEX CRIME
There are a very large number of crimes, called Part II, which are not included in a
community’s crime rate. In this category are forgery, fraud, embezzlement, non-
aggravated assaults, stolen property offenses, weapons offenses, drug violations,
vandalism, sex offenses other than rape, and gambling, to name several. The non-
inclusion of these type crimes results in a failure to provide a total picture of “crime” in a
community.
UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING
Crimes are counted through the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. The UCR
Program was developed in 1930 so that city, county and state law enforcement
agencies would be able to provide the FBI with standard crime statistics. UCR crime
statistics are used in many ways. Law enforcement agencies use the statistics in
operation, management and administration. A community’s crime index, or “crime rate”,
is based upon the total number of Part I crimes and the community’s population.
The UCR Program classifies offenses using specific definitions so as to eliminate
differences among various states’ definitions of crimes. The UCR system collects data
in summary form showing one count for each offense reported. No indication as to the
range of seriousness for each offense was made. One offense is counted for each
victim in crimes against persons, and one offense is counted for each distinct operation
in crimes against property.
If multiple types of offenses are committed during the same crime, only the most serious
offense is reported through UCR using the Hierarchy Rule. Arson is an exception and is
always counted as an offense with the remainder of offenses following the Hierarchy
Rule. The Hierarchy Rule only applies to crime reporting and does not affect the
number of charges the defendant may be prosecuted for.
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 3
PEER CITY COMPARISONS
Janesville’s peer city group includes; Appleton, Beloit, Eau Claire, Fond du Lac, Green
Bay, Kenosha, LaCrosse, Manitowoc, Oshkosh, Racine, Sheboygan, Waukesha and
Wausau.
It is difficult to compare one city’s crime index with another’s and draw any conclusions.
Not all cities may investigate or handle incidents the same. Table #1 compares
Janesville’s crime index with the average crime index of the peer city group.
INDEX CRIMES PER 1,000 POPULATION
PEER CITY COMPARISON
Peer City of Relation to Actual
Average Janesville Average Position
2001 37.13 53.22 +43.3% 1
2002 40.29 57.82 +43.5% 3
2003 37.94 55.98 +47.6% 2
2004 37.37 47.53 +27.2% 3
2005 36.47 50.70 +39.0% 3
2006 39.19 49.90 +27.3% 3
2007 37.47 46.21 +23.3% 4
2008 36.91 47.75 +29.4% 3
2009 33.44 38.50 +15.12% 5
2010 31.76 40.94 +28.91 3
Table #1
Part I Crimes Per 1,000 Population
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2001200220032004200520062007200820092010
JanesvillePeer City Average
Chart for Table #1
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 4
JANESVILLE PART I CRIMES AND ARRESTS
The following tables show Part I crimes by type of crime and then by crime index for the
City of Janesville.
JANESVILLE PART I CRIMES
FORCIBLE AGG. M.V. PERCENT
MURDER RAPE ROBBERY ASSAULT BURGLARY THEFT THEFT ARSON TOTAL CHANGE
2001
1 17 20 104 503 2,441 110 23 3,219 +0.47
2002
1 15 52 79 497 2,714 141 15 3,514 +9.16
2003
0 20 38 90 566 2,583 102 22 3,421 -2.65
2004
1 25 31 67 498 2,176 103 13 2,914 -14.82
2005
0 34 64 72 515 2,319 136 10 3,150 +8.10
2006
0 43 42 49 555 2,315 104 13 3,121 -0.92
2007
0 25 55 78 431 2,217 83 9 2,898 -7.15
2008
1 23 53 95 507 2,215 74 17 2,985 +3.0
2009
1 18 40 94 332 1,839 74 9 2,407 -19.36%
2010
1 30 39 100 383 1,980 48 12 2,593 +7.73
Table #2
Total Crimes
3514
3421
4000
3121
3150
2985
2914
2898
2593
2407
3000
2000
Total Crimes
1000
0
200220032004200520062007200820092010
Chart for Table #2
JANESVILLE CRIME INDEX
(PART I CRIMES PER 1,000 POPULATION)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
PART I CRIMES 3,219 3,514 3,421 2,914 3,150 3,121 2,898 2,985 2,407 2,593
TOTAL PER 1,000 POP. 53.22 57.82 55.98 47.53 50.70 49.90 46.21 47.75 38.50 40.94
Table #3
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 5
ARRESTS
The following three (3) tables show Part I arrests, Part II arrests, and a table combining
Part I and Part II arrests. Each table includes adult arrests, juvenile arrests and the total
of both. The percentage change from the previous year is also included.
ARRESTS - PART I CRIMES
2001200220032004200520062007200820092010
443494571510480520538640659
ADULT572
526686553418379379320384289
JUVENILE269
TOTAL9691,1801,1249288598998581,024948841
PERCENT CHANGE10.5%21.8%-4.7%-17.4%-7.4%4.7%-4.6%19.3%-7.4%-11.3%
Table #4
ARRESTS - PART II CRIMES
2001200220032004200520062007200820092010
3,9524,0654,8794,7754,5764,2544,6744,6914,0223,029
ADULT
2,1792,2612,2452,2092,2231,9771,8222,0121,6481,487
JUVENILE
TOTAL6,1316,3267,1246,9846,7996,2316,4966,7035,6704,516
PERCENT CHANGE11.1%3.2%12.6%-2.0%-2.6%-8.4%4.3%3.2%-15.4%-20.4%
Table #5
ARRESTS - ALL CRIMES
2001200220032004200520062007200820092010
4,3954,5595,4505,2855,0564,7745,2125,3314,6813,601
ADULT
2,7052,9472,7982,6272,6022,3562,1422,3961,9371,756
JUVENILE
TOTAL7,1007,5068,2487,9127,6587,1307,3547,7276,6185,357
PERCENT CHANGE11.0%5.7%9.9%-4.1%-3.2%-6.9%3.1%5.1%-14.4%-19.1%
Table #6
Janesville Arrests -All Crimes
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2001200220032004200520062007200820092010
Part I ArrestsPart II Arrests
Chart for Tables #4-6
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 6
POLICE ACTIVITY
Officers provide a wide range of services for the community including criminal and civil
offenses, traffic crash investigations, enforce traffic laws, state statutes and city
ordinances, and respond to a wide variety of calls for service. Some police activity is
generated by a citizen contacting the police department while others are initiated by
officers in the course of their patrol duties.
POLICE ACTIVITY
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
POLICE ACTIVITY 65,460 68,061 67,392 68,290 65,233 68,383 69,470 63,077 67,052
PERCENT CHANGE +3.97 -.98 +1.33 -4.48 +4.83 +1.59 -9.20 +6.30
Table #7
Police Activity
70000
69000
68000
67000
66000
65000
64000
63000
62000
61000
60000
59000
200220032004200520062007200820092010
Police Activity (2002-2010)
Chart for Tables #7
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 7
PATROL DUTY
Table #8 illustrates, by month, the average number of officers on patrol duty each day
for each shift, and includes a twelve-month average. Table #9 illustrates the history of
the twelve-month average of officers on patrol duty each day for each shift.
AVERAGE NUMBER OF OFFICERS ON PATROL DUTY EACH DAY
BY MONTH AND SHIFT
Shift AShift BShift C
October, 20109.99.38.1
November, 20109.59.08.2
December, 20109.39.29.5
January, 201110.710.810.3
February, 201110.510.29.2
March, 20119.59.79.5
April, 201110.09.910.0
May, 201110.09.69.8
June, 20119.810.48.8
July, 201110.710.58.9
August, 201110.410.59.3
12 Mo. Average10.19.99.2
`
Table #8
Monthly Average Patrol Officers on Duty
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
Sep OctNovDecJan FebMarAprMayJunJulyAug
201020112011
1st Shift2nd Shift3rd Shift
Chart for Table #8
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 8
AVERAGE NUMBER OF OFFICERS ON PATROL DUTY EACH DAY
TWELVE-MONTH PERIODS BY SHIFT
September – August Shift A Shift B Shift C
2001 - 2002 11.3 10.6 9.9
2002 - 2003 10.5 10.6 10.2
2003 - 2004 10.0 9.8 10.2
2004 - 2005 10.1 11.2 9.9
2005 - 2006 9.8 11.9 9.4
2006 - 2007 9.3 10.9 9.4
2007 - 2008 10.1 11.6 9.8
2008 - 2009 10.1 9.9 9.6
2009- 2010 9.7 10.2 8.6
2010 - 2011 10.1 9.9 9.2
Table #9
Annual Average Patrol Officers on Duty
15
10
5
0
01-0202-0303-0404-0505-0606-0707-0808-0909-1010-11
1st Shift2nd Shift3rd Shift
Chart for Table #9
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 9
AUTHORIZED POSITIONS
Table #10 shows, by position, all the authorized sworn positions in the police
department from 2002 through 2011. The table also shows the positions as budgeted
for 2012.
Table #11 shows, by position, all the authorized non-sworn positions in the police
department from 2002 through 2011. The table also shows the positions as budgeted
for 2012.
Table #12 shows the combined sworn and non-sworn authorized positions.
SWORN POSITIONS
Budget
2010 2012
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011
Chief 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Deputy Chief 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Captain 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Lieutenant 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Sergeant 12 12 12 12 11 10 10 11 11 11 11
Patrol Officer 60 60 60 65 65 65 63 63 63 65 64
K-9 Officer 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2
Special Operations Unit 6 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Drug Investigation Unit 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Street Crimes Unit 0 0 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Detective 7 7 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7
Police-School Liaison 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
School Resource Officer 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Identification Officer 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Safety Officer 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Neighborhood Officer 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Court Officer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Crime Prevention Officer 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL SWORN 106 106 104 106 106 104 104 104 104 104 103
Table #10
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 10
NON-SWORN POSITIONS
Budget
2012
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20102011
Secretary 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Administrative Aide 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Records Supervisor 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
Computer Operator 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Records Specialist 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Record Clerks 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Part Time Record Clerks 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Part-Time/Parking Enf. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Community Svc Officer 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0
Part Time Community
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
Svc Officer
17
TOTAL NON-SWORN 18 17 16 15 15 17 16 17 17 17
Table #11
TOTAL AUTHORIZED POSITIONS
Budget
2010
2012
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011
TOTAL EMPLOYEES 124 123 120 121 121 121 120 121 120 121 120
F.T.E.’s 121.5 121 118 119.5 119.5 119.5 118.5 119.5 119..5 118.5 117.5
Table #12
Police Department Authorized Positions
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
200220042006200820102012 Budget
Sworn OfficersCivilians
Chart for Tables #10 & 11
Crime Trends – Police Staffing
October 6, 2011
Page 11
OFFICERS PER 1,000 POPULATION
Table #13 shows the number of police officers per 1,000 population authorized for
Janesville and the cities in the peer city group. The average is the average ratio for the
peer city group, excluding Janesville.
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Racine 2.56 2.56 2.57 2.48 2.46 2.49 2.42 2.48 2.44 2.56
Beloit 2.24 2.24 2.16 2.13 2.19 2.07 2.13 2.08 2.05 2.11
Kenosha 1.99 2.05 1.94 1.98 1.99 1.95 1.93 2.02 1.99 2.0
Manitowoc 1.96 1.91 1.88 1.84 1.84 1.85 1.96 1.84 1.96 2.0
Lacrosse 1.86 1.91 1.90 1.85 1.81 1.80 1.87 1.83 1.83 1.59
Green Bay 1.84 1.84 1.85 1.84 1.78 1.80 1.85 1.81 1.83 1.85
Wausau 1.66 1.65 1.62 1.65 1.69 1.72 1.81 1.74 1.69 1.77
Waukesha 1.76 1.71 1.71 1.67 1.67 1.66 1.66 1.69 1.68 1.66
Fond du Lac 1.67 1.66 1.63 1.62 1.64 1.69 1.71 1.67 1.70 1.72
Sheboygan 1.79 1.79 1.80 1.79 1.80 1.80 1.77 1.63 1.54 1.64
Oshkosh 1.60 1.56 1.51 1.53 1.51 1.49 1.55 1.50 1.50 1.5
Eau Claire 1.67 1.67 1.57 1.53 1.52 1.52 1.51 1.50 1.47 1.46
Appleton 1.57 1.56 1.53 1.46 1.47 1.46 1.54 1.49 1.49 1.48
AVERAGE 1.86 1.85 1.82 1.80 1.80 1.79 1.82 1.79 1.78 1.79
Janesville 1.75 1.74 1.70 1.71 1.69 1.66 1.66 1.64 1.64 1.63
Table #13
Sworn Officers per 1,000 Population
1.9
1.85
1.8
1.75
1.7
1.65
1.6
1.55
1.5
2002200320042005200620072008200920102011
JanesvillePeer City Average
Chart for Table #13